Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation. 2007. Draft Guidance on Multi-Increment Soil Sampling.
Annable, M. D., K. Hatfield, J. Cho, H. Klammer, B. L. Parker, J. A. Cherry, and P. S. C. Rao. 2005. “Field-Scale Evaluation of the Passive Flux Meter for Simultaneous Measurement of Groundwater and Contaminant Fluxes,” Environmental Science and Technology 39(18): 7194–7201.
Annable, M. D. 2019. ‘Mass Flux and Mass Discharge’, Environmental Security and Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) Enviro Wiki. https://www.enviro.wiki/index.php?title=Mass_Flux_and_Mass_Discharge.
ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). 1998. Standard Guide for Remediation of Ground Water by Natural Attenuation at Petroleum Release Sites. E 1943–98.
ASTM. 2007. Standard Test Method for Electronic Friction Cone and Piezocone Penetration. ASTM D5778.
ASTM. 2010. Standard Guide for Using the Electronic Cone Penetrometer for Environmental Site Characterization. ASTM D6067.
Aziz, C. E., C. J. Newell, J. R. Gonzales, P. E. Haas, T. P. Clement, and Y. Sun. 2000. BIOCHLOR Natural Attenuation Decision Support System, User’s Manual, Version 1.0. EPA/600/R-00/008. Washington D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. www.gsi-net.com/software.asp.
Barbaro, J. R., and R. R. Neupane. 2006. “Use of Plume Mapping Data to Estimate Chlorinated Solvent Mass Loss,” Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation 26(4): 115–27.
Bartlett, S. A., G. A Robbins, J. D. Mandrick, M. J., Barcelona, W. McCall, and M. L Kram. 2004. Comparison of Hydraulic Conductivity Determinations in Direct Push and Conventional Wells. TR-2252-ENV. Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center Technical Report.
Basu, N. B., P. S. C. Rao, R. W. Falta, M. D. Annable, J. W. Jawitz, and K. Hatfield. 2008. “Temporal Evolution of DNAPL Source and Contaminant Flux Distribution: Impacts of Source Mass Depletion,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 95(3–4): 93–109.
Basu, N. B., P. S. C. Rao, I. C. Poyer, M. D. Annable, and K. Hatfield. 2006. “Flux-Based Assessment at a Manufacturing Site Contaminated with Trichloroethylene,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 86(1–2): 105–27.
Basu, N. B., S. Rao, I. Poyer, S. Nandy, M. Mallavarapu, R. Naidu, G. Davis, B. Patterson, M. Annable, and K. Hatfield. 2009. “Integration of Traditional and Innovative Characterization Techniques for Flux-Based Assessment of Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (DNAPL) Sites,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 105: 161–72.
Bauer, S., M. Bayer-Raich, T. Holder, J. Jarsjö, T. Ptak, and G. Teutsch. 2002. “The Integral Groundwater Investigation Method, Inversion of Concentration-Time Series and Field Application at the INCORE Strasbourg Site,” pp. 75–79 in IMAGE-TRAIN, Innovative Management of Groundwater Resources in Europe, Proceedings, 1st IMAGE-TRAIN Cluster Meeting, Karlsruhe, Germany. Vienna: Federal Environment Agency.
Bauer, S., M. Bayer-Raich, T. Holder, C. Kolesar, D. Müller, and T. Ptak. 2004. “Quantification of Groundwater Contamination in an Urban Area Using Integral Pumping Tests,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 75: 183–213.
Baumann, H. 1989. “Adsorption of Ethylene and Carbon Dioxide by Activated Carbon Scrubbers,” Acta Horticulture 2(58): 125–30.
Bayer-Raich, M., J. Jarsjo, R. Liedl, T. Ptak, and G. Teutsch. 2006. “Integral Pumping Test Analyses of Linearly Sorbed Groundwater Contaminants Using Multiple Wells: Inferring Mass Flux Flows and Natural Attenuation Rates,” Water Resources Research 42:W08411.
Beckett, G. D., C. C. Stanley, and D. F. Walsh. 2005. “Safe Use of Ground Water in the Presence of a Proximate MTBE Plume: Using Mass Flux and Transport-Based Estimates to Ensure Groundwater Production Capacity,” presented at the National Ground Water Association Groundwater Summit, April 17–20, San Antonio, Tex.
Bird, R. B., W. E. Stewart, and E. N. Lightfoot. 2007. Transport Phenomena, rev. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley.
Bockelmann, A., T. Ptak, and G. Teutsch. 2001. “An Analytical Quantification of Mass Fluxes and Natural Attenuation Rate Constants at a Former Gasworks Site,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 53(3–4): 429–53.
Bockelmann, A., D. Zamfirescu, T. Ptak, P. Grathwohl, and G. Teutsch G. 2003. “Quantification of Mass Fluxes and Natural Attenuation Rates at an Industrial Site with a Limited Monitoring Network: A Case Study,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 60: 97–121.
Borden, R. C., R. C. Daniel, L. E. I. LeBraun, and C. W. Davis. 1997. “Intrinsic Biodegradation of MTBE and BTEX in a Gasoline-Contaminated Aquifer,” Water Resources Research 33(5): 1105–15.
Brooks, M. C., A. L. Wood, M. D. Annable, K. Hatfield, J. Cho, C. Holbert, P. S. C. Rao, C. G. Enfield, K. Lynch, and R. E. Smith. 2008. “Changes in Contaminant Mass Discharge from DNAPL Source Mass Depletion: Evaluation at Two Field Sites,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 102: 140–53.
Brusseau, M. L. N. T. Nelson, Z. Zhang, J. E. Blue, J. Rohrer, and T. Allen. 2007. “Source-Zone Characterization of a Chlorinated Solvent Contaminated Superfund Site in Tucson, AZ,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 90: 21–40.
Brusseau, M. L., D. E. Matthieu, K. C. Carroll, J. Mainhagu, C. Morrison, A. McMillan, A. Russo, and M. Plaschke. 2013. ‘Characterizing Long-Term Contaminant Mass Discharge and the Relationship between Reductions in Discharge and Reductions in Mass for DNAPL Source Areas’, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 149: 1-12.
Burton, D. T. J. L. DiLorenzo, T. R. Shedd, and J. G. Wrobel. 2002. “Aquatic Hazard Assessment of a Contaminated Aquifer Discharge into Bush River, Maryland,” Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 139(1–4): 159–82.
Buscheck T. E., N. Nijhawan, and K. T. O’Reilly. 2003. “Mass Flux Estimates to Assist Remediation Decision-Making,” in Proceedings, 7th International Symposium on In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation, Orlando, Fla., June 2–5. Columbus, Ohio: Battelle.
Chapelle, F. H., M. A. Widdowson, J. S. Brauner, E. Mendez, and C. C. Casey. 2003. Methodology for Estimating Times of Remediation Associated with Monitored Natural Attenuation. USGS Water Resources Investigation Report 03-4057.
Chapelle, F., R. Brigmon, T. Early, K. Finneran, T. Gilmore, M. Heitkamp, C. Journey, B. Looney, D. Major, R. Riley, G. Wein, and T. Wiedemeier. 2004. Baseline Natural Attenuation Processes: Lines of Inquiry Supporting Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents. WSRC-TR-2003-00329. Aiken, S.C.: Westinghouse Savannah River Company. http://sti.srs.gov/fulltext/tr2003329/tr2003329.pdf.
Chapman, S. W., B. T. Byerly, D. A. Smyth, and D. M. Mackay. 1997. “A Pilot Test of Passive Oxygen Releases for Enhancements of In Situ Bioremediation of BTEX Contaminants in Groundwater,” Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation 17(2): 93–105.
Chapman, S. W., and B. L. Parker. 2005. “Plume Persistence Due to Aquitard Back Diffusion Following Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Source Removal or Isolation,” Water Resources Research 41: W12411.
Chapman, S. W., B. L. Parker, J. A. Cherry, R. Aravena, and D. Hunkeles. 2007. “Groundwater: Surface Water Interaction and Its Role in TCE Groundwater Plume Attenuation,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 91(3–4): 203–32.
Christensen, A., A. Korsgaard, and C. Riss. 2002. “Modeling of PCE Transport and Remediation in the Unsaturated Zone,” presented at the 3rd International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds.
Clausen, J., J. Robb, M. Ravichandran, and S. Taylor. 2003. “Development of Soil Cleanup Standards for Explosive Residues on Military Ranges,” presented at SERDP/ESCTP Conference, December 2–4, Washington, D.C. http://groundwaterprogram.army.mil/groundwater/papers/SERDP%202003%20Pres.pdf.
CRC Care. 2016. “Flux-based groundwater assessment and management.” CRC Care., Technical Report no. 37
D’Affonseca, F. M., P. Blum, M. Finkel, R. Melzer, P. Grathwohl. 2008. “Field-Scale Characterization and Modeling of Contaminant Release from a Coal Tar Source Zone,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 102(1–2): 120–39.
DiFillippo, E. L., and M. L. Brusseau. 2008. “Relationship Between Mass Flux Reduction and Source Zone Mass Removal: Analysis of Field Data,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 98: 22–35.
Dougherty, J., T. Macbeth, B. MacDonald, R. Truesdale, M. Newman, J. Cho, M. Annable, D. Cutt, K. Mishkin, AND M. Brooks. Comparative Evaluation of Contaminant Mass Flux and Groundwater Flux Measurements in Fractured Rock Using Passive Flux Meters. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/600/R-17/459, 2018.
Eberts S., S. Jones, C. Braun, and G. Harvey. 2005. “Long-Term Changes in Ground Water Chemistry at a Phytoremediation Demonstration Site,” Ground Water 43(2): 178–86.
Einarson, M. D. 2001. “Flux-Based Corrective Action,” Princeton Groundwater Remediation Course, Denver, Colo.
Einarson, Murray. 2017. ‘Spatially Averaged, Flow-Weighted Concentrations – A More Relevant Regulatory Metric for Groundwater Cleanup’, Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 37: 11-14.
Einarson, M. D., J. Cullen, S. Jogia, and S. D. Warner. 2005. “Restoration of an MTBE- Impacted Water Supply Wellfield in Northern California,” presented at 2005 National Ground Water Association Groundwater Conference on MTBE and Perchlorate: Assessment, Remediation, and Public Policy, May 26–27, San Francisco.
Einarson, M. D., and D. M. Mackay. 2001. “Predicting the Impacts of Groundwater Contamination,” Environmental Science and Technology 35(3): 66A–73A.
Ellis, P. A., R. Mackat, and M. O. Rivett. 2007. “Quantifying Urban River–Aquifer Fluid Exchange Processes: A Multi-Scale Problem,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 91(1–2): 58–80.
ESTCP (Environmental Security Technology Certification Program). 2006a. Field Demonstration and Validation of a New Device for Measuring Water and Solute Fluxes at CFB Borden. Final report.
ESTCP. 2006b. Field Demonstration and Validation of a New Device for Measuring Water and Solute Fluxes at NASA LC-34 Site. Final report.
ESTCP. 2006c. Field Demonstration and Validation of a New Device for Measuring Water and Solute Fluxes at Naval Base Ventura County, Port Hueneme, CA. Final report.
ESTCP. 2007. Field Demonstration and Validation of a New Device for Measuring Water and Solute Fluxes: Cost and Performance Report. ER-0114.
Falta, R. W. 2008. “Methodology for Comparing Source and Plume Remediation Alternatives,”
Ground Water 46(2): 272–85.
Farhat, S. K., C. J. Newell, and E. Nichols. 2006. “Mass Flux Toolkit to Evaluate Groundwater Impacts, Attenuation, and Remediation Alternatives,” developed for the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program by Groundwater Services, Inc., Houston. www.gsi-net.com/software.asp.
Feenstra, S., J. A Cherry, and B. L. Parker. 1996. “Conceptual Models for the Behavior of DNAPLs in the Subsurface,” Chap. 2 in Dense Chlorinated Solvents and Other DNAPLs in Groundwater, J. F. Pankow and J. A. Cherry, eds. Portland, Ore.: Waterloo Press.
Ford, G. F., R. T. Wilklin, and G. Hernandez. 2006. “Arsenic Cycling Within the Water Column of a Small Lake Receiving Contaminated Groundwater Discharge,” Chemical Geology 228(1–3): 137–55.
Fraser, M, R. McLaren, and J. Barker. 2005. “Multilevel Monitoring Wells to Assess Contaminant Mass Discharge: Magnitude of Uncertainties Based on Borden Monitoring Experience,” in Abstract Book of the 2005 Ground Water Summit Program, National Ground Water Association, April 17–20, San Antonio, Tex.
Goltz, M. N., M. E. Close, H. Yoon, J. Huang, M. J. Flintoft, S. J. Kim, and C. Enfield. 2009. “Validation of Two Innovative Methods to Measure Contaminant Mass Flux in Groundwater,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 106(1–2): 51–61.
Goltz, M. N., S. Kim, H. Yoon, and J. Park. 2007. “Review of Groundwater Contaminant Mass Flux Measurement,” Environmental Engineering Research 12:176-193.
Gray, A., A. Wang, C. Strawn, and L. Bauersachs. 2005. “An Evaluation of MTBE Plume Attenuation Using Two Methods of Mass Flux Analysis and Isotope Analyses at a Drinking Water Well Field,” at the National Ground Water Association Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Groundwater Conference, August 17–19, Costa Mesa, Calif.
Guilbeault, M. A., B. L. Parker, and J. A. Cherry. 2005. “Mass and Flux Distributions from DNAPL Zones in Sandy Aquifers,” Ground Water 43(1): 70–86.
Haluska, Alexander A.; Thiemann, Meghan S.; Evans, Patrick J.; Cho, Jaehyun; Annable, Michael D. 2018. “Expanded Application of the Passive Flux Meter: In-Situ Measurements of 1,4-Dioxane, Sulfate, Cr(VI) and RDX” Water 10, no. 10: 1335.
Hatfield, K., M. D. Annable, J. Cho, P. S. C. Rao, and H. Klammler. 2004. “A Direct Passive Method for Measuring Water and Contaminant Fluxes in Porous Media,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 75(3–4): 155–81.
Hatfield, K., M. D. Annable, S. Kuhn, S. Rao, and T. Campbell. 2002a. “A New Method for Quantifying Contaminant Flux at Hazardous Waste Sites,” pp. 25–32 in Groundwater Quality: Natural and Enhanced Restoration of Groundwater Pollution, S. F. Thornton and S. E. Oswald, eds. International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publ. No. 275. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, U.K.
Hatfield, K., S. Rao, M. Annable, and T. Campbell. 2002b. “Device and Method for Measuring Fluid and Solute Fluxes in Flow Systems,” U.S. Patent 6,401,547 B1.
Hemond, H. F., and E. J. Fechner-Levy. 2000. Chemical Fate and Transport in the Environment.
San Diego: Academic Press.
Holder, T., G. Teutsch, T. Ptak, and R. Schwarz. 1998. “A New Approach for Source Zone Characterization: The Neckar Valley Study,” pp. 49–55 in Groundwater Quality: Remediation and Protection, M. Herbert and K. Kovar, eds. International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publ. No. 250. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, U.K.
Hyun, S., C. T. Jafvert, B. Jenkinson, C. Enfield, and B. Johnson. 2007. “Measuring the Flux at the Interface of Coal-Tar Impacted Sediment and River Water Near a Former MGP Site,” Chemosphere (Oxford) 68(6): 1020–29.
Imbrigiotta, T. E., T. A. Ehlke, B. H. Wilson, and J. T. Wilson. 1997. “Case Study: Natural Attenuation of a Trichloroethene Plume at Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey,” pp. 85–91 in Symposium on Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Organics in Ground Water. EPA/540/R- 97/504. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Indiana DEM (Department of Environmental Management). 2005. “Sampling and Analysis of Ground Water for Metals at Remediation Sites.” WASTE-0057-NPD. www.in.gov/idem/4806.htm.
Isaaks, E. H., and R. M. Srivastava. 1989. An Introduction to Applied Geostatistics. New York: Oxford University Press.
ITRC (Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council). 2004. Strategies for Monitoring the Performance of DNAPL Source Zone Remedies. DNAPL-5. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council. www.itrcweb.org.
ITRC. 2007. In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Ethene DNAPL Source Zones: Case Studies. BioDNAPL-2. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council. www.itrcweb.org.
ITRC. 2008a. Enhanced Attenuation: Chlorinated Organics. EACO-1. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council. www.itrcweb.org.
ITRC. 2008b. In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Ethene: DNAPL Source Zones. BioDNAPL-3. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council. www.itrcweb.org.
Jawitz, J. W., M. D. Annable, C. J. Clark, and S. Puranik. 2002. “Inline Gas Chromatographic Tracer Analysis: An Alternative to Conventional Sampling and Laboratory Analysis for Partitioning Tracer Tests,” Instrumentation Science and Technology 30: 415–26.
Johnson, C. D., M. Truex, and T. P. Clement. 2006. “rtFlux: RT3D Flux Plane Utility,” in Developing an MNA Modeling Tool Based on RT3D: 3 Reports. WSRC-STI-2006-00174. Aiken, S.C.: Washington Savannah River Company.
Johnston, C. D., G. B. Davis, T. P. Bastow, R. J. Woodbury, P. S. C. Rao, M. D. Annable, and S. Rhodes. 2014. ‘Mass Discharge Assessment at a Brominated DNAPL Site: Effects of Known DNAPL Source Mass Removal’, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 164: 100-13.
Kao, C. M., and Y. S. Wang. 2001. “Field Investigation of Natural Attenuation of Intrinsic Biodegradation Rates at an Underground Storage Tank Site,” Environmental Geology 40(4– 5): 622–31.
Kingston, J. L. T. 2008. A Critical Evaluation of In-Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies. Dissertation, Arizona State University.
Kitanidis, P. K., and K. F. Shen. 1996. “Geostatistical Interpolation of Chemical Concentration,” Advances in Water Resources 19(6): 369–78.
Klammer, H., K. Hatfield, M. D. Annable, E. Agyei, B. L. Parker, J. A. Cherry, and P. S. C Rao. 2007. “General Analytical Treatment of the Flow Field Relevant to the Interpretation of Passive Fluxmeter Measurements,” Water Resource Research 43: W04407.
Kram, M. L., G. Robbins, J. Chau, and A. Bagtzoglou. 2008. Detailed Hydraulic Assessment Using a High-Resolution Piezocone Coupled to the GeoVIS. Final report, ESTCP ER-0421, NAVFAC TR-2291-ENV.
Kübert, M., and M. Finkel. 2005. “Contaminant Mass Discharge Estimation in Groundwater Based on Multi-Level Point Measurements: A Numerical Evaluation of Expected Errors,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 84: 55–80.
Landmeyer, J. E., F. H. Chapelle, H. H. Herlong, and P. M. Bradley. 2001. “Methyl tert-Butyl Ether Biodegradation by Indigenous Aquifer Microorganisms under Natural and Artificial Oxic Conditions,” Environmental Science and Technology 35(6): 1118–26.
Leu, D. J., and P. W. Hadley. 1987. The California Site Mitigation Decision Tree Process: An Approach to Solving the ‘How Clean Should Clean Be’ Dilemma,” pp. 67–97 in Hazardous Waste Site Management: Water Quality Issues. Report on a colloquium sponsored by the Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.
Li, K. B., P. Goovaerts, and L. M. Abriola. 2007. “A Geostatistical Approach for Quantification of Contaminant Mass Discharge Uncertainty Using Multi-Level Sampler Measurements,” Water Resources Research 43: W06436.
Li, K. B., and L. M. Abriola. 2009. “A Multistage Multicriteria Spatial Sampling Strategy for Estimating Contaminant Mass Discharge and Its Uncertainty,” Water Resources Research 45: W06407.
Liu, C., and W. P. Ball. 2002. “Back Diffusion of Chlorinated Solvent Contaminants from a Natural Aquitard to a Remediated Aquifer Under Well Controlled Field Conditions: Predictions and Measurements,” Ground Water 40(2): 175–84.
Looney, B. B., F. Chapelle, T. O. Early, K. M. Vangelas, K. H. Adams, and C. H. Sink. 2006. Mass Balance: A Key to Advancing Monitored and Enhanced Attenuation for Chlorinated Solvents. WSRC-STI-2006-00082. Aiken, S.C.: Savannah River National Laboratory.
Luftig, S. D. 2003. “Draft Guidance, National Guidance on Field Filtration of Ground Water Samples from Monitoring Wells for Superfund Site Assessment.” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Matanoski, G. M., and I. P. Murarka. 1997. “To Filter, or Not to Filter: That Is the Question.” EPA-SAB-EEC-LTR-97-011. Letter to Carol M. Browner, Administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. www.orau.org/ptp/PTP%20Library/library/EPA/samplings/fitrerornot.pdf.
McHugh, T., C. Liu, and C. Newell. 2010. “Causes of Variability in Groundwater Data,” presented at the 7th International Conference, Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, May 24–27, Monterey, Calif.
Newell, C. J., J. A. Connor, and D. L. Rowan. 2003. Groundwater Remediation Strategies Tool. American Petroleum Institute Publication 4730. www.gsi-net.com/Publications/papers2.asp.
Newell, C. J., S. K. Farhat, D. T. Adamson, and B. B. Looney. 2011. ‘Contaminant Plume Classification System Based on Mass Discharge’, Ground Water, 49: 914-9.
Nichols, E., and T. Roth. 2004. “Flux Redux: Using Mass Flux to Improve Cleanup Decisions,” L.U.S.T.Line 46 (March). Lowell, Mass.: New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission. www.neiwpcc.org/lustline/lustline_pdf/LustLine46.pdf.
Nichols, E. M., R. T. Roth, S. Martin, and R. G. Vit Kuhnel. 2005. “Use of Dissolved Mass Discharge Estimates for Groundwater Resource Protection and Regulatory Compliance,” in Abstract Book of the 2005 Ground Water Summit Program, April 17–20, San Antonio, Tex. National Ground Water Association.
Pankow, J. F., and J. A. Cherry. 1996. Dense Chlorinated Solvents and Other DNAPLs in Groundwater. Waterloo, Ontario, Canada: Waterloo Press.
Parez, L., and R. Fauriel. 1988. “Le Piezocone Ameliorations Apportees a la Reconnaissance de Sols,” Revue Francaise de Geotech 44: 13–27.
Parker, B. L., S. W. Chapman, and M. A. Guilbeault. 2008. “Plume Persistence Caused by Back Diffusion from Thin Clay Layers in a Sand Aquifer Following TCE Source Zone Hydraulic Isolation,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 102(1–2): 86–104.
Payne, F. C., J. A. Quinnan, and S. T. Potter. 2008. Remediation Hydraulics. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.
Pitz, C. F. 1999. Estimates of Nitrate Loading to South Puget Sound by Groundwater Discharge.
Waterbody WA-13-1010, Ecology Report # 99-348. Washington Department of Ecology.
Ptak, T., R. Schwarz, and G. Teutsch. 1998. “Groundwater Risk Assessment at a Contaminated Site Based on Integrating and Spatially Resolving Investigations Groundwater Pollutant Concentrations and Fluxes,” pp. 815–16 in Contaminated Soil 98. London: Thomas Telford.
Ptak, T., and G. Teutsch. 2000. “Development and Application of an Integral Investigation Method for the Characterization of Groundwater Contamination,” pp. 198–205 in Contaminated Soil 2000. London: Thomas Telford.
RTDF (Remediation Technologies Development Forum). 1998. Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents in Groundwater Training Course Workbook. Interstate Technology and Regulatory Cooperation Working Group.
Ricker, J. A. 2008. “A Practical Method to Evaluate Groundwater Contaminant Plume Stability,”
Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation 28(4): 85–94.
Robertson, P. K. and R. G. Campanella. 1989. Guidelines for Geotechnical Design Using the Cone Penetrometer Test and CPT with Pore Pressure Measurement. Soil Mechanics Series No. 105, University of British Columbia, Department of Civil Engineering.
Roth, T., E. M. Nichols, S. Martin, and V. Kuhnel. 2004. “MtBE Mass Flux Estimates as an Indicator of Regulatory Compliance,” presented at the National Ground Water Association Conference on MtBE and Perchlorate Assessment and Remediation, June 3–4, Costa Mesa, Calif.
Sale, T., C. Newell, H. Stroo, and R. Hinchee. 2008. Frequently Asked Questions Regarding the Management of Chlorinated Solvents in Soil and Groundwater. Environmental Security Technology Certification Program Project E-0530.
Sale, T. C., J. A. Zimbron, and D. S. Dandy. 2008. “Effects of Reduced Contaminant Loading on Downgradient Water Quality in an Idealized Two Layer Granular Porous Media,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 102(1–2): 72–85.
SERDP (Strategic Environmental Research & Development Program). 2004. Annual Report: DNAPL Source Zone Initiative.
Scamehorn, J. 1979. “Removal of Vinyl Chloride from Gaseous Streams by Adsorbtion on Activated Carbon,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development 18(2): 210–17.
Schwarz, R., T. Ptak, T. Holder, and G. Teutsch. 1998. “Groundwater Risk Assessment at Contaminated Sites: A New Approach for the Inversion of Contaminant Concentration Data Measured at Pumping Wells,” pp. 68–71 in Groundwater Quality: Remediation and Protection, M. Herbert and K. Kovar, eds. International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publ. No. 250. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, U.K.
Semprini, L., P. K. Kitanidis, D. H. Kampbell, and J. R. Wilson. 1995. “Anaerobic Transformation of Chlorinated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in a Sand Aquifer Based on Spatial Chemical Distribution,” Water Resources Research 31(4): 1051–62.
Siegel, D. 2008. “Reductionist Hydrogeology, Hydrogeologic Processes,” Hydrologic Processes 22: 4967–70.
Soga K., J. W. E. Page, and T. H. Illangasekare. 2004. “A Review of NAPL Source Zone Remediation Efficiency and the Mass Flux Approach,” Journal of Hazardous Materials 110: 13–27.
Strack, O. D. L., and H. M. Haitjema. 1981. “Modeling Double Aquifer Flow Using a Comprehensive Potential and Distribution Singularities: A Solution for Inhomogeneous Permeabilities,” Water Resources Research 7(5): 1551–60.
Teutsch, G., T. Ptak, R. Schwarz, and T. Holder. 2000. “Ein Neues Integrals Verfahren Zur Quantifizierung der Grundwasserimmission, Teil I: Breschreibung der Grundlagen,” Grundwasser 4(5): 170–75.
Thomson, N. R., E. D. Hood, and G. J. Farquhar. 2007. “Permanganate Treatment of an Emplaced DNAPL Source,” Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation 27(4): 74–85.
Thuma, J., V. Kremesec, and R. Kolhatkar. 2001. “Application of Ground Water Fate and Transport Models to Evaluate Contaminant Mass Flux and Remedial Options for a MtBE Plume on Long Island, NY,” presented at the National Ground Water Association Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection, and Remediation Conference and Exposition, Houston.
Troldborg, M., G. Lemming, P. J. Binning, N. Tuxen, and P. L. Bjerg. 2008. “Risk Assessment and Prioritization of Contaminated Sites on the Catchment Scale,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 101(1–4): 14–29.
USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1996. Soil Screening Guidance: Users Guide. EPA/540/R-96/018, 9355.4-14FSA. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
USEPA. 1998. Monitored Natural Attenuation for Ground Water, Seminar Notes. EPA/625/K- 98/001.
USEPA. 2000. “Applicability of RCRA 3020 to In Situ Treatment of Groundwater,” including cover letter, Dec. 27, 2000, Elizabeth A. Cotsworth, Director, Office of Solid Waste, and the December 1999 letter from Matthew Hale, Deputy Director, Office of Solid Waste. www.itrcweb.org/Documents/RCRA3020andLTR.pdf.
USEPA. 2001a. Monitored Natural Attenuation: USEPA Research Program—An EPA Science Advisory Board Review. EPA-SAB-EEC-01-004. Review by USEPA Science Advisory Board Environmental Engineering Committee. www.clu-in.org/download/remed/eec01004.pdf.
USEPA. 2001b. Remediation System Evaluation: South Tacoma Channel/Well 12a Superfund Site Tacoma, Washington. EPA 542-R-02-008q. www.epa.gov/tio/download/remed/rse/well_12a.pdf.
USEPA. 2003. The DNAPL Remediation Challenge: Is There a Case for Source Depletion? EPA/600/R-03/143.
USEPA. 2009. Final Focused Feasibility Study, Well 12A Superfund Site, Tacoma, Washington, USEPA Region X. Prepared by CDM.
Verreydt G., Annable M.D., Kaskassian S., Van Keer I., Bronders J., Diels L., Vanderauwera P.. “Field Demonstration and Evaluation of the Passive Flux Meter on a CAH Groundwater Plume.” Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Jul;20(7):4621-34.
Weaver, J. W., J. T. Wilson, and D. H. Kampbell. 1997. “Case Study of Natural Attenuation of Trichloroethene at St. Joseph, Michigan,” pp. 67–70 in Symposium on Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Organics in Ground Water. EPA/540/R-97/504. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Wiedemeier, T. H., M. J. Barden, W. Z. Dickson, and D. W. Major. 2004. Multiple Lines of Evidence Supporting Natural Attenuation: Lines of Inquiry Supporting Monitored Natural Attenuation and Enhanced Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents. WSRC-TR-2003-00331. Aiken, S.C.: Westinghouse Savannah River Company.
Wiedemeier, T. H., H. S. Rifai, C. J. Newell, and J. T Wilson. 1999. Natural Attenuation of Fuels and Chlorinated Solvents in the Subsurface. New York: Wiley.
Wiedemeier, T. H., M. A. Swanson, D. E Moutoux, E. K. Gordon, J. T. Wilson, B. H. Wilson, D.
H. Kampbell, P. E. Haas, R. N. Miller, J. E. Hansen, and F. H. Chapelle. 1998. Technical Protocol for Evaluating Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents in Ground Water. EPA/600/R-98/128. www.epa.gov/superfund/health/conmedia/gwdocs/protocol.htm.
Wilson, T. W., J. S. Cho, B. H. Wilson, and J. A. Vardy. 2000. Natural Attenuation of MtBE in the Subsurface Under Methanogenic Conditions. EPA/600/R-00/006.
Young, D. F., and W. P. Ball. 1998. Estimating Diffusion Coefficients in Low-Permeability Porous Media Using a Macropore Column,” Environmental Science and Technology 32(17): 2578–84.
Zeru, A., and G. Schäfer. 2005. “Analysis of Groundwater Contamination Using Concentration Time Series Recorded During an Integral Pumping Test: Bias Introduced by Strong Concentration Gradients Within the Plume,” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 81: 106–24.
Click Here to download the entire document.